After formal education, he worked in community hospitals in Indiana, Ohio, New Jersey and New York as well as at the NIH in Bethesda, Maryland. In 1967 he moved to Miami to do research on clinical methods. Among the methods he worked on were LD, GGT, ALP and isoenzyme assays for LD, GGT and ALP. He also was on the teams that developed the first computer based QC program as well as an immunochemistry analyzer. More recently he spends most of his time lecturing and writing about laboratory medicine. His articles have appeared in Clinical Chemistry, Am. J. Clin. Path and Scientific American. He has written home study courses for groups in California and N. Dakota.